What is the term used to describe a major pitfall of group decision making where consensus is reached without critical reasoning?

The term that describes a major pitfall of group decision-making, where consensus is reached without critical reasoning, is known as groupthink. This phenomenon occurs when members of a group prioritize harmony and consensus over critical evaluation of alternatives, leading to suboptimal decisions. In a groupthink scenario, individuals may suppress their dissenting opinions, refrain from raising questions, or ignore potential risks, all in the interest of maintaining group cohesion. This can result in a lack of creativity and a failure to consider potentially better solutions.

Understanding groupthink is crucial in organizational communication, as it emphasizes the importance of encouraging diverse viewpoints and fostering an environment where critical discussion is welcomed. By recognizing the symptoms of groupthink, organizations can implement strategies such as designating a "devil's advocate" or facilitating independent thought sessions, thereby improving decision-making processes.